Retatrutide (sometimes nicknamed “GLP‑3”) is a synthetic triple‑receptor agonist peptide developed by Eli Lilly. It is designed to activate three metabolic hormone pathways at once:
- GLP‑1 receptor — glucagon‑like peptide‑1
- GIP receptor — glucose‑dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
- Glucagon receptor — energy and fat metabolism regulation
This multi‑target approach makes it distinct from earlier drugs that target only one (like semaglutide) or two (like tirzepatide) receptors.
⚙️ How It Works
Retatrutide acts simultaneously on:
🔹 GLP‑1 Receptors
- Reduces appetite and food intake
- Slows stomach emptying
- Improves glucose‑dependent insulin secretion
🔹 GIP Receptors
- Enhances insulin response after meals
- May improve fat metabolism and glucose control
- Works synergistically with GLP‑1 effects
🔹 Glucagon Receptors
- Raises energy expenditure
- Promotes fat oxidation
- May help reduce liver fat and visceral adiposity
Together, these pathways can reduce hunger, improve metabolic control, and increase calorie use more potently than older single‑ or dual‑agonist drugs.






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